In architecture, construction, and real estate, floor area , floor area , or floorspace is the area (measured as square foot or square meter) by a building or part of it. The means of defining "floor area" depends on what factors of the building should or should not be included, such as the outer wall, the internal wall, the corridor, the lifting shaft, the ladder, etc. Generally there are 3 big differences in measuring floor area.
- Dirty floor area (GFA) - The total floor area contained in the building is measured to the external face of the external wall.
- Gross internal area (GIA) - The floor area inside the building is measured to the internal face of the external wall.
- Net internal area (NIA) (or usable UFA floor area) - NIA is GIA minus floor area taken by lobby, closed roof machine room, stairs and escalators, mechanics and services electricity, elevators, columns, toilet area (other than domestic property), channels, and stairs.
Video Floor area (building)
Filthy floor area
Gross floor area (GFA) in real estate is the total floor area inside the building envelope, including the outer wall, and not including the roof.
The GFA definition, including which areas should be counted toward it and which area, varies worldwide. Adding to this confusion is the practice among some developers to use gross leasable areas (GLAs) and GFA alternately, or to use GFA as GLA, although GLAs usually exclude corridors and other public areas in development, while both numbers cover the area occupied by structures, such as walls and columns.
In Hong Kong
Hong Kong Law Chapter 123F, Building Regulation (Planning), Regulation 23 sect 3 sub-paragraph (a) states that:
Subject to subparagraph (b), for the purposes of the 19, 20, 21 and 22 regulations, the gross floor area of ​​a building is the area within the external wall of the building measured at each floor level (including any floor below the ground level) along with the area of ​​each balcony in the building, which should be calculated from the overall dimensions of the balcony (including the thickness of the sides), and the thickness of the external walls of the building.
sub-paragraf (b):
In determining the gross floor area for the purposes of regulation 20, 21 and 22, the Building Authority may ignore any floor space that he or she feels satisfied is built or intended to be used solely for motor vehicle parking, loading or unloading of motor vehicles, or for refusing storage, storage and material recovery space, material recovery chamber, waste storage and material restoration chamber, reject launch, refuse hopper space and other types of facilities provided to facilitate separation of rejection for the satisfaction of the Building Authority, or for access facilities for telecommunication and broadcasting services, or only occupied by machinery or equipment for any elevators, air conditioners or heating systems or similar services. (L.N.406 from 1987; 39 from 2000 s.7)
Irresponsible GFAs are further defined in the Practice Notes for Authorized Persons, Registered Structural Engineers and Geotechnical Listed Engineers no APP-2.
GFA license in Hong Kong land lease agreement in general GFA maximum (excluding irresponsible above) to be developed. However, this can be further reduced by the effect of the plot ratio, maximum site coverage, maximum permitted building height and the Outline Zoning Plan. In addition, roofs and other non-enclosed areas are not included in the Permitted GFA but are usually restricted in use as open spaces, corridors or emergency exit areas.
- Green feature
Since 2001, to encourage the incorporation of green features in building construction, further facilities can be set aside/ignored in the GFA. and defined in the Joint Practice Notes on the protection and enhancement of the built environment and nature no. 1 and no. 2. Because the facility provides additional floor areas to develop and is usually included in the GFA/sales area, the developer sells to the end user, which confuses end users, the government plans to abolish the green feature exceptions and use alternative ways to encourage green features. For the total floor area, HK uses the Terms of Site Coverage.
In Singapore
The GFA in Singapore, defined by the Urban Redevelopment Authority as of March 2014 are:
3 Definition of Gross Floor Area
3.1 All closed floor areas of a building, except for other areas that are excluded and not used for commercial use are considered the extent of the gross floor of the building for the purpose of plot ratio control and development costs. The gross floor area is the total area of ​​closed floor space measured between the centerline of the party wall, including the external wall thickness but excluding the voids. Accessibility and usability are not the exclusion criteria of the GFA.
3.2 URA reserves the right to decide on GFA issues based on the specific design of the development proposal on a case-by-case basis.
With effect from January 2014, private enclosed spaces (PES) and private rooftop terrace (PRT) are counted as part of a 10% GFA bonus above the Master Plan which also includes a balcony.
Maps Floor area (building)
Grossly recognizable area
The gross leasable area ( GLA ) is the amount of floor space available for rent on commercial properties. In particular, the area for rentable gross is the total floor area designed for occupant occupancy and exclusive use, including basement, mezzanine, or upstairs. Usually expressed in square meters (although in some places like the United States, Canada and the UK, square feet are used). This is measured from the centerline of the shared partition and from the face of the outer wall. That is, the area that can be rented dirty is the area where the tenant pays the rent, and thus the income-generating area for the property owner.
For properties with only one tenant, the measurement of the Gross Floor Area (GFA) and Gross Purchased Area (GLA) is essentially the same.
The Building Owners and Managers Association has set the standard with the American National Standards Institute, ANSI/BOMA Z65.1-1996 to measure floor area and calculate area and loss factors that can be drawn.
See also
- Floor floor ratio
References
External links
- FAQ for Imperial College at London Property Management Department
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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